• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Collective transport system based on magnetic levitation comprising at least one vehicle (1), a tubular structure (4) configured so that the interior of the at least one vehicle (1) circulates; the tubular structure comprises a longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) located in the upper part of the tubular structure (4), and a longitudinal aluminum plate (6) located in the lower part; the vehicle comprises in the upper part magnetic levitation elements (2) thereof and in the lower part at least one linear motor (3), such that when the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) acts on the magnetic levitation elements (2), the vehicle (1) is suspended at a predetermined distance from the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) and when the at least one linear motor (3) acts on the aluminum longitudinal plate (6) the longitudinal displacement occurs of the vehicle (1). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2677496A1
    申请号:ES201730115
    申请日:2017-02-01
    公开日:2018-08-02
    发明作者:José Alfonso NEBRERA GARCÍA；Rodrigo MORENO RIVERO
    申请人:ACS Servicios Comunicaciones y Energia SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

       DESCRIPTION Collective transport system based on magnetic levitation Object of the invention 5 The present invention relates to a collective transport system based on magnetic levitation, comprising a plurality of vehicles circulating in a bearing structure, with technical characteristics that improve the efficiency of magnetic levitation transport systems known to date. 10 Technical problem to be solved and background of the invention Collective transport is a necessity for large civilizations where mobility is essential for their development, whether for leisure or professional reasons. 15 Likewise, transport systems tend to be increasingly fast and trying to keep maintenance costs lower, which implies, among other things, that less wear and tear on moving parts occurs. Likewise, for passenger transport it is essential to ensure their comfort, so that at higher speeds the turning radii of the trains are greater and the cantions with which the 20 lanes are installed, to prevent passengers from experiencing an acceleration without compensate high, they are also high. The general improvement of infrastructure has an immediate effect on production and distribution costs and increases the business opportunities of the areas served, which is especially important in the development of the services sector. Most of the collective transport systems in urban and peri-urban environments can be grouped as follows: - train systems, more or less heavy, with metal wheels and generally electric traction, powered by catenary, or third rail. They can circulate at level, on elevated track or in tunnel. They generally have a high transport capacity and a high cost both for vehicles and, consequently, for civil infrastructure, which in many cases accounts for most of the cost of the system. They usually have limitations in terms of acceleration and deceleration. There are systems with 35 linear motor traction.  - trolleybus-type systems, similar in that the power is basically electric, by means of a pantograph, but that circulates on tires and not in metal. They are more suitable in urban environments with a lot of road traffic and where some flexibility in the vehicle's trajectory is essential. - systems on tires in elevated track, monorail type. These are more light vehicles, with energy consumption and relatively high operating costs; normally with electric traction. - cable car or rack railway system. Despite its numerous limitations, they are used in high slope environments, where other systems cannot be used due to their technical limitations. 10 - buses on dedicated track. They are an economical solution in terms of investment, but with relatively high maintenance costs, and capacities limited by the length of the convoys. - elevated track system with magnetic levitation and linear motor traction. 15 The magnetic levitation system in systems of this type known to date has magnetic levitators located in the lower part of the vehicle, which interact with the rails from which the train is separated by levitation and which guide its circulation. Description of the invention The invention described discloses a collective transport system based on magnetic levitation comprising at least one vehicle and a tubular structure. The vehicle comprises magnetic levitation elements distributed along the at least one vehicle in the upper part thereof and at least one linear motor arranged in the lower part of the at least one vehicle. The tubular structure comprises a longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material located in the upper part of the tubular structure and a longitudinal aluminum plate located in the lower part. In the collective transport system object of the invention the at least one vehicle, when the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material acts on the magnetic levitation elements, is suspended at a predetermined distance from the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material and the at least one linear motor acts on the longitudinal plate of  aluminum for the longitudinal displacement of the vehicle. The use of the levitation system in the upper part of the vehicle, different from the use in the case of other systems known in the state of the art (such as Linimo or maglev), has the great advantage of facilitating passenger comfort when taking the curves 5 at a certain speed, since the whole vehicle, dragged by the centrifugal force out of the vertical, leans outwards of the curve avoiding the annoying lateral effort on the passengers. In the collective transport system based on magnetic levitation object of the invention 10 the at least one vehicle comprises a plurality of wheels with an outer layer of elastic material, configured so that, in case of vehicle stop, they rest on the lower part of the tubular structure The collective transport system based on magnetic levitation object of the invention comprises a needle system, such that the plurality of wheels of the rail vehicle contact laterally with the needle system for a change between tracks of the rail vehicle. The collective transport system based on magnetic levitation object of the invention 20 comprises a vehicle power supply system. In addition, the collective transport system based on magnetic levitation object of the invention also comprises an energy storage system to choose between batteries and ultracapacitors, configured to replace the power supply system 25, if necessary. In addition to the above, the collective transport system based on magnetic levitation object of the invention comprises a battery recharge system to choose between induction and third lane. In the collective transport system based on magnetic levitation object of the invention, the connection between vehicles is a virtual connection that lacks physical elements that link vehicles together, which facilitates the diversion of some vehicles with respect to others that circulate through the tubular structure when passing through the needle system so that it is not necessary to perform any physical action on the vehicles.   The collective transport system based on magnetic levitation object of the invention comprises a remote management program, to manage vehicle movements. The collective transport system based on magnetic levitation object of the invention comprises vertical supports for supporting the tubular structure in elevated track sections. The tubular structure of the collective transport system based on magnetic levitation 10 comprises a plurality of openings. Description of the figures To complete the description and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, this descriptive report is attached, as an integral part thereof, a set of drawings where illustrative and non-limiting , the following has been represented: Figure 1 shows a cross section of the tubular structure with the vehicle inside, in a straight section. 20 Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the tubular structure with the vehicle inside in a curved section to the left, taken at cruising speed. Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section with two transport vehicles. 25 Figure 4 shows a side view of the tubular structure in elevated section. Figure 5 shows a front view of the tubular structure in an elevated track section in single track. 30 Figure 6 shows a front view of the tubular structure in section in elevated track in double track. Figure 7 shows a top view of the guides of the needle system and the ferromagnetic plate 35 in a bifurcation.   The different numerical references that are reflected in the figures correspond to the following elements: 1.- vehicle, 2.- magnetic levitation element, 5 3.- linear motor, 4.- tubular structure, 5.- longitudinal band of material ferromagnetic, 6.- longitudinal aluminum plate, 7.- wheel, 10 8.- needle system, 9.- power supply system, 10.-energy storage system, 11.-vertical support, and 12.- opening. 15 Preferred embodiment of the invention As already indicated, and as can be seen in the figures, the object of the invention is a collective transport system based on magnetic levitation, which combines elements known in the state of the art to achieve a series of 20 competitive advantages over other transport systems based on magnetic levitation. The transport system object of the invention comprises a tubular structure (4) intended to circulate vehicles (1) inside, in the preferred embodiment of the invention the tubular structure (4) has a cylindrical configuration, but is not limiting , since it is sufficient that at least a part of the section is of circular configuration. The tubular structure (4) comprises a longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) located at the top of the tubular structure (4) and a longitudinal aluminum plate (6) located at the bottom. 30 The tubular structure (4) has a triple function, since it acts as a support structure in the elevated sections (supported by piloted columns) (see figures 4, 5 and 6), acts as a structural protection in the tunnel sections and finally acts as a security element in the sections of track at level where there is a danger of intrusion or fall of 35 objects. In addition to the above functions, the tubular structure (4) protects wind from  vehicles in the elevated sections and of level track. To dislodge the air moving vehicles (1) in their displacement inside the tubular structure (4), the tubular structure (4) has a plurality of openings (12), which however allow the tubular structure to maintain its bearing capacity. 5 Each vehicle (1) comprises magnetic levitation elements (2) distributed along the vehicle (1) in the upper part thereof, and also comprises at least one linear motor (3), arranged in the lower part of the vehicle ( one). The magnetic levitation elements (2) comprise, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of electromagnets, through which an electric current circulates whose intensity can be regulated by a control system. These electromagnets are responsible for maintaining each vehicle (1) at a predetermined distance from the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) located at the top of the tubular structure 15. The linear motors (3) interact with the longitudinal aluminum plate (6) of the lower part of the tubular structure (4) and are responsible for performing the regenerative traction or braking of the vehicle (1). Each vehicle (1) of the system object of the invention comprises a plurality of wheels (7), which have the condition that they are retractable or protrude from the body of the vehicle very little. The wheels (7) of the system object of the invention have an outer tread layer of elastic material. 25 The wheels (7) come into contact with the lower part of the tubular structure and support the vehicle, instead of the magnetic levitation system, in case of prolonged stops, slow circulation (eg in fork zones) or breakdowns in the levitation system In the case of bifurcation zones, these wheels (7) divert the vehicle by finding laterally the metal parts of the needle system (8) The transport system object of the invention has a competitive advantage over other transport systems by magnetic levitation, which is achieved thanks to both the location of the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) at the top of the  tubular structure (4) and how the longitudinal aluminum plate (6) is located at the bottom, together with the location of its corresponding vehicle elements (1). The advantage comes from the simplicity of diversion systems and crossings of roads, which in known systems require complex installations with a high cost, and in the system object of the invention, only requires a similar needle system (8) 5 employed in rail systems without magnetic levitation, which has needles and counter-needles where the wheels (7) of each vehicle (1) contact, guiding the trajectory of the vehicle (1) where it is of interest to take it. Thus, in the area of deviations it is necessary to ensure that the wheels (7) contact 10 with the needle and counter-needle system, which is achieved either by reducing the distance between the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material to the rails or by reducing the intensity of the current passing through the magnetic levitation elements (2) thereby increasing the distance between said magnetic levitation elements (2) and the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) of each vehicle. 15 The fact that the magnetic levitation elements (2) of the vehicle (1) are located in the upper part of the vehicle (1) together with its corresponding longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) being in the upper part of the structure tubular (4), confers another advantage that is to facilitate the comfort of the passengers of the vehicle (1) when taking curves at 20 speed, since the vehicle (1), whose center of gravity (conditioned by the greater weight of batteries (11) and linear motors (3) in front of the levitators) is below the center of the vehicle (1), it is dragged by the centrifugal force out of the vertical; the lower part of the vehicle (1) tilts outwards of the curve, reducing or avoiding the annoying lateral effort on the passengers, and the upper part tilts towards the inside of the curve, while the force of attraction between the magnetic levitation elements (2) and the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5). In order not to interrupt the levitation phenomenon between the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) and the magnetic levitation elements (2) of the vehicle (1), and not to lose traction in the movement of the vehicle (1) inside of the tubular structure (4), when the vehicle (1) is drawing a curve, both the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) and the longitudinal aluminum plate (6) extend laterally to the appropriate side to maintain its distance with the magnetic levitation elements (2) and the linear motors (4) of the vehicle (1). 35  The collective transport system object of the invention also includes power supply systems (9), signaling, passenger information, entertainment, communications, common in this type of transport systems. In the collective transport system object of the invention, the tubular structure (4) is used as support in elevated areas, physical protection in level areas, structural protection in tunnels, support for the power supply system (9), either either by induction or by contact with "third lane", as a support for the linear traction system and as a support for the other systems, it considerably reduces the costs of the system and improves its safety aspects. The tubular structure (4) of the transport system object of the invention rests on a plurality of vertical supports (11) in elevated track sections. However, the collective transport system object of the invention incorporates an energy storage system (10) incorporated in the vehicles (1) (either by batteries and / or by ultracapacitors) whose operation can replace in whole or in part the power supply system (9). Also in the collective transport system object of the invention there is also a recharge system for induction batteries and / or connection via "third lane". To adapt to small radii of curvature, considering small in the railway field, the vehicles (1) of the transport system object of the invention can be articulated vehicles that make up a convoy of several vehicles (1). In addition, the union of several vehicles (1) can be without a physical connection between them, but by means of a program for the remote management of the vehicles (1) their position is controlled. The union without physical connection between vehicles, together with the diversion and crossing systems exposed here, gives the advantage of being able to divert one or more vehicles (1) from a convoy without physically doing any work on the vehicles, which gives the 30 system a versatility so that some vehicles (1) are directed to one destination and other vehicles are directed to another destination, and the separation of vehicles (1) from each other, occurs automatically and without the need to interact with any element of the track but only on the magnetic levitation elements (2) of the vehicles (1) to be diverted. 35  The invention should not be limited to the embodiments described herein. Experts in the field can develop other embodiments in view of the description made here. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the following claims. 
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    CLAIMS 1.- Collective transportation system based on magnetic levitation characterized in that it comprises: - at least one vehicle (1), comprising: 5 - magnetic levitation elements (2) distributed throughout the at least one vehicle (1) in the upper part thereof, - at least one linear motor (3), arranged in the lower part of the at least one vehicle (1), - a tubular structure (4) configured so that the at least 10 vehicle, comprising: - a longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) located in the upper part of the tubular structure (4), - a longitudinal aluminum plate (6) located in the lower part, such that, the at least one vehicle (1), when the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material 15 (5) acts on the magnetic levitation elements (2), it is suspended at a predetermined distance from the longitudinal band of ferromagnetic material (5) and where the at least one motor linear (3) acts on p Longitudinal aluminum lacquer (6) for longitudinal movement of the vehicle (1). 2.- Collective transport system based on magnetic levitation according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one vehicle (1) comprises a plurality of wheels (7) with an outer layer of elastic material, configured for, in case of stoppage of the vehicle (1), rest on the lower part of the tubular structure (4). 25 3. Collective transportation system based on magnetic levitation according to claim 2 characterized in that it comprises a system of needles (8), such that the plurality of wheels (7) of the vehicle (1) contact laterally with the system of needles ( 8) for a change between vehicle tracks (1). 4.-System of collective transport based on magnetic levitation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an electrical power supply system for the vehicle (9). 5.-System of collective transport based on magnetic levitation according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that each vehicle (1) comprises a system of energy storage (10) to choose between batteries and ultracapacitors, configured to replace the electrical power system (9), if necessary. 6. Collective transportation system based on magnetic levitation according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a battery recharging system to choose between induction and third lane. 7. Collective transport system based on magnetic levitation according to claim 5 characterized in that the connection between vehicles (1) is a virtual connection that lacks physical elements that link vehicles (1) to each other. 10. 8. Collective transport system based on magnetic levitation according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a remote management program to manage the movements of the vehicles (1). 9.- Magnetic levitation-based collective transportation system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises vertical supports (11) to support the tubular structure (4) in sections of elevated track. 10. Magnetic levitation-based collective transport system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubular structure (4) comprises a plurality of openings (12).
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    同族专利:
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    ES2677496B1|2019-05-14|
    引用文献:
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    US20140000473A1|2010-02-02|2014-01-02|Supersonic Tubevehicle Llc|Transportation system and vehicle for supersonic transport|
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    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201730115A|ES2677496B1|2017-02-01|2017-02-01|Collective transport system based on magnetic levitation|ES201730115A| ES2677496B1|2017-02-01|2017-02-01|Collective transport system based on magnetic levitation|
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